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      <title type="full">
        <title type="main">Bennett Spear, Jr. to D. E. Downing </title>
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              made 5 edits between
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        <p>This image and transcription is publicly accessible. The image appears courtesy of the repository named in the Source Description. The transcription and annotation were undertaken by Kentucky Historical Society staff, volunteers, and interns. If referencing this document title, accession number, and permanent URL.</p>
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      <date when="2025-11-11T18:05:04+00:00">November 11, 2025</date>
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            <repository>Kentucky Department for Libraries and Archives</repository>
            <collection>Office of the Governor, James F. Robinson: Governor&#39;s Official Correspondence File, Military Correspondence, 1862-1863</collection>
            <idno type='external id'>KYR-0001-027-0006</idno>
            <idno type='box-folder'>R2-5 to R2-6</idno>
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            <placeName>Rockbridge, Monroe County, Kentucky</placeName>
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          <provenance></provenance>
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        <listPerson>
            <person xml:id="S32212480">
              <persName>Daniel E. Downing (Monroe County farmer and politician )</persName>
                <idno>N00009387</idno>
                <event type="birth" when="1819?">
                  <ab>1819?</ab>
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                    <p xml:id='OTPS32212480P0'>Monroe County, Kentucky, farmer and politician. Married to Matilda Howard. Father of Catherine Downing, James Downing, Jane Downing, and William Downing. Farmer in Monroe County in 1850. Owned two enslaved persons in 1850. Sheriff of Monroe County. Member of the House of Representatives of the Commonwealth of Kentucky from 1853 to 1855 and 1859 to 1863. Owned three enslaved persons in 1860.
</p>


                </note>
                  <bibl><hi rend='italic'>Seventh Manuscript Census of the United States</hi> (1850), Population Schedules, Kentucky, Monroe County, p. 436A. 

<hi rend='italic'>Seventh Manuscript Census of the United States</hi> (1850), Slave Schedules, Kentucky, Monroe County, p. 17. 

<hi rend='italic'>Eighth Manuscript Census of the United States</hi> (1860), Slave Schedules, Kentucky, Monroe County, p. 69A. 

<hi rend='italic'>Ninth Manuscript Census of the United States</hi> (1870), Population Schedules, Kentucky, Monroe County, Precinct 2, p. 128B-129A. 

Lewis Collins and Richard H. Collins, <hi rend='italic'>Collins' Historical Sketches of Kentucky</hi>, vol. 2 (Covington, KY: Collins &amp; Co., 1882), 630. 

<hi rend='italic'>Acts of the General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Kentucky:  Passed at the Session which was Begun and Held in the City of Frankfort, on Saturday the 31st of December, 1853, and ended Friday the 10th of March, 1854</hi>, vol. 1, (Frankfort: A. G. Hodges State Printer), 277-78.</bibl>
            </person>
            <person xml:id="S32197433">
              <persName>Nathaniel Austin (Monroe County, Kentucky, blacksmith)</persName>
                <idno>N00009361</idno>
                <event type="birth" when="1831?">
                  <ab>1831?</ab>
                </event>
                <event type="death" when="1862?">
                  <ab>1862?</ab>
                </event>
                <trait type="race" subtype="White"/>
                <trait type="sex" subtype="M"/>
 
                <note type="categorization">
                  Categories:
                    <ab>
                      <ptr ana="#category #leaf #root" target="#C32003818"/> People
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                <note type="article">
                    <p xml:id='OTPS32197433P0'>Monroe County, Kentucky, blacksmith. Tennessee native. Married Jane Crumpton Austin on August 13, 1854. Father of J. W. Austin, M. E. Austin, and W. H. Austin. Blacksmith in Monroe County in 1860. Reportedly killed by marauders in Rockbridge, Kentucky in August 1862.
</p>

<p xml:id='OTPS32197433P1'>Relationships<lb/>
Social: <rs ref='#S32204669'>Oliver P. Hamilton (Jackson County, Tennessee, farmer and Lt Col)</rs>
</p>


                </note>
                  <bibl><hi rend='italic'>Eighth Manuscript Census of the United States</hi> (1860), Population Schedules, Kentucky, Monroe County, p. 56.

<hi rend='italic'>Kentucky Birth, Marriage and Death Records on Microfilm (1852-1910)</hi>, KDLA, Roll #994027-994058, Monroe County Marriages, p. 4.

KYR-0001-019-0156.

KYR-0001-027-0006.</bibl>
            </person>
            <person xml:id="S32203306">
              <persName>[Unknown] Heflin (Monroe County murder victim )</persName>
                <idno>N00009398</idno>
                <event type="death" when="1862?">
                  <ab>1862?</ab>
                </event>
                <trait type="sex" subtype="M"/>
 
                <note type="categorization">
                  Categories:
                    <ab>
                      <ptr ana="#category #leaf #root" target="#C32003818"/> People
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                <note type="article">
                    <p xml:id='OTPS32203306P0'>Mentioned in letter from Bennett Spear Jr. to Daniel E. Downing in August 1862. Reportedly killed by marauders in August 1862 in Rockbridge, Kentucky.
</p>

<p xml:id='OTPS32203306P1'>Relationships<lb/>
Social: <rs ref='#S32204669'>Oliver P. Hamilton (Jackson County, Tennessee, farmer and Lt Col)</rs>
</p>


                </note>
                  <bibl>KYR-0001-019-0156.

KYR-0001-027-0006.</bibl>
            </person>
            <person xml:id="S32205334">
              <persName>Jones Kirkpatrick (possibly L. J. Kirkpatrick on census records )</persName>
                <idno>N00009389</idno>
                <trait type="sex" subtype="M"/>
 
                <note type="categorization">
                  Categories:
                    <ab>
                      <ptr ana="#category #leaf #root" target="#C32003818"/> People
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                <note type="article">
                    <p xml:id='OTPS32205334P0'>Monroe County, Kentucky, resident. Mentioned in a letter from Bennett Spear to Daniel E. Downing in August 1862.
</p>


                </note>
                  <bibl>KYR-0001-027-0006.</bibl>
            </person>
            <person xml:id="S32206461">
              <persName>William B. Maxey (Monroe County, Kentucky, soldier)</persName>
                <idno>N00009377</idno>
                <event type="birth" when="1833?">
                  <ab>1833?</ab>
                </event>
                <trait type="race" subtype="White"/>
                <trait type="sex" subtype="M"/>
 
                <note type="categorization">
                  Categories:
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                      <ptr ana="#category #leaf #root" target="#C32003818"/> People
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                <note type="article">
                    <p xml:id='OTPS32206461P0'>Monroe County, Kentucky, farmer and soldier. Kentucky native. Son of Robert C. Maxey and Augustine Maxey. Farmer in Monroe County in 1865. Farm laborer in Monroe County in 1860. Private in the 1st Kentucky Volunteer Cavalry Regiment (C.S.A.). Prisoner of War from June 9, 1863, to June 16, 1863.
</p>

<p xml:id='OTPS32206461P1'>Relationships<lb/>
Familial: <rs ref='#S32213270'>Robert C. Maxey (Monroe County, cabinet maker)</rs>
</p>


                </note>
                  <bibl><hi rend='italic'>Seventh Manuscript Census of the United States</hi> (1850), Population Schedules, Kentucky, Monroe County, p. 394A. 

<hi rend='italic'>Eighth Manuscript Census of the United States</hi> (1860), Population Schedules, Kentucky, Monroe County, p. 2. 

<hi rend='italic'>Compiled Service Records of Confederate Soldiers who Served in Organizations from the State of Kentucky</hi>, NARA RG 109, Microfilm Series M319, Roll 0002.

<hi rend='italic'>Selected Records of the War Department Relating to Confederate Prisoners of War, 1861-1865</hi>, NARA RG 109, Microfilm Series M598, (accessed via ancestry.com).</bibl>
            </person>
            <person xml:id="S32213270">
              <persName>Robert C. Maxey (Monroe County, cabinet maker)</persName>
                <idno>N00009376</idno>
                <event type="birth" when="1795?">
                  <ab>1795?</ab>
                </event>
                <trait type="race" subtype="White"/>
                <trait type="sex" subtype="M"/>
 
                <note type="categorization">
                  Categories:
                    <ab>
                      <ptr ana="#category #leaf #root" target="#C32003818"/> People
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                <note type="article">
                    <p xml:id='OTPS32213270P0'>Monroe County, Kentucky, cabinet maker. Kentucky native. Married to Augustine Maxey. Father of William Maxey, John Maxey, Alfred Maxey, Henry Maxey, and Martha Maxey. Appointed Trustee of the Beech Grove Meeting House and School House in Monroe County in 1843. Farmer in Monroe County in 1850. Cabinet maker in Monroe County in 1860. Owned three enslaved persons in 1860.
</p>


                </note>
                  <bibl><hi rend='italic'>Seventh Manuscript Census of the United States</hi> (1850), Population Schedules, Kentucky, Monroe County, p. 394A. 

<hi rend='italic'>Eighth Manuscript Census of the United States</hi> (1860), Population Schedules, Kentucky, Monroe County, p. 1. 

<hi rend='italic'>Eighth Manuscript Census of the United States</hi> (1860), Slave Schedules, Kentucky, Monroe County, p. 61.  

<hi rend='italic'>Acts of the General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Kentucky: Passed at the December Session, 1842</hi> (Frankfort, KY: A.G. Hodges State Printer, 1843), 138-39.</bibl>
            </person>
            <person xml:id="S32204669">
              <persName>Oliver P. Hamilton (Jackson County, Tennessee, farmer and Lt Col)</persName>
                <idno>N00009496</idno>
                <event type="birth" when="1829?">
                  <ab>1829?</ab>
                </event>
                <event type="death" when="1864-07">
                  <ab>1864-07</ab>
                </event>
                <trait type="race" subtype="White"/>
                <trait type="sex" subtype="M"/>
 
                <note type="categorization">
                  Categories:
                    <ab>
                      <ptr ana="#category #leaf #root" target="#C32003818"/> People
                    </ab>
                </note>
                <note type="article">
                    <p xml:id='OTPS32204669P0'>Jackson County, Tennessee, farmer and soldier. Tennessee native. Married to Helen Hamilton. Father of Isabel Hamilton, Loretha Hamilton, Benjamin Hamilton, George Hamilton, Rorey Ann Hamilton, and William Hamilton. Farmer in Jackson County in 1860. Owned one enslaved person in Jackson County in 1860. Served in the Shaw’s (Hamilton’s) Tennessee Volunteer Cavalry Battalion (C.S.A.) as captain and lieutenant colonel from December 21, 1861 to July 1864. Captured at Celina, Tennessee, on March 18, 1864. Held at the military prison in Louisville, Kentucky, from March 18, 1864 to July 10, 1864. Shot by a guard and transferred to Lexington, Kentucky on July 10, 1864. Died of his wounds in July 1864.
</p>

<p xml:id='OTPS32204669P1'>Relationships<lb/>
Military: <rs ref='#S32203890'>Hamilton's Cavalry Battalion (C.S.A.)</rs><lb/>
Military: <rs ref='#S32213780'>Jeremiah Tilford Boyle (Union general, Boyle Co, KY attorney, pres Lou City Railway Co)</rs>
</p>


                </note>
                  <bibl><hi rend='italic'>Eighth Manuscript Census of the United States</hi> (1860), Population Schedules, Tennessee, Jackson County, District 6, p. 3.<lb/>

<hi rend='italic'>Eighth Manuscript Census of the United States</hi> (1860), Slave Schedules, Tennessee, Jackson County, District 6 south of Cumberland River, p. 1.<lb/>

<hi rend='italic'>Compiled Service Records of Confederate Soldiers who Served in Organizations from the State of Tennessee</hi>, NARA RG 109, Microfilm Series M268, Roll 84.<lb/>

<hi rend='italic'>Selected Records of the War Department Relating to Confederate Prisoners of War, 1861-1865</hi>, National Archives Microfilm RG 109, Publication Roll M598<hi rend='italic'>94, p. 5284.<lb/>

_Find A Grave</hi>, "Oliver P. Hamilton (c1829-July 1864)," Memorial #2964178, <a href='https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/2964178/oliver-perry-hamilton'>https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/2964178/oliver-perry-hamilton</a> (accessed June 11, 2019).</bibl>
            </person>
            <person xml:id="S32207976">
              <persName>James Fisher Robinson (governor, state senator, businessman, attorney, and farmer)</persName>
                <idno>N001004</idno>
                <event type="birth" when="1800-10-04">
                  <ab>1800-10-04</ab>
                </event>
                <event type="death" when="1882-10-31">
                  <ab>1882-10-31</ab>
                </event>
                <trait type="race" subtype="White"/>
                <trait type="sex" subtype="M"/>
 
                <note type="categorization">
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                <note type="article">
                    <p xml:id='OTPS32207976P0'>Twenty-second governor of the Commonwealth of Kentucky, banker, and legislator. Son of Jonathan Robinson and Jane Black Robinson. Married to Susan D. Mansell Robinson on December 26, 1821. Father of Emilie Jane Robinson and James F. Robinson, Jr. Married Willina S. Herndon Robinson on May 30, 1842. Father of Scott Herndon Robinson, John McCracken Robinson, George Sidney Robinson, Madison Johnson Robinson, Stephen Gano Robinson, Willa Ewing Robinson, Philip Eldon Robinson, and Stephen Gano Robinson. Educated at Forest Hill Academy and Transylvania University in Lexington, Kentucky. Trustee of Georgetown College. President of the Farmers' Bank of Georgetown. Represented Fayette and Scott Counties in the Senate of the Commonwealth of Kentucky from 1851 to 1855. Owned thirty-five enslaved persons in 1860. Represented Fayette and Scott Counties in the Senate of the Commonwealth of Kentucky from 1861. Speaker of the Senate of the Commonwealth of Kentucky from September 3, 1861, to September 5, 1861. Speaker of the Senate of the Commonwealth of Kentucky from August 16, 1861, to August 18, 1862. Governor of Kentucky from August 18, 1862, to September 1, 1863. Returned to practicing law and farming on retiring from politics in 1863.
</p>


                </note>
                  <bibl><hi rend='italic'>Eighth Manuscript Census of the United States</hi> (1860), Slave Schedules, Kentucky, Scott County, District No 1, p. 216B, 230A. <lb/>

<hi rend='italic'>Eighth Manuscript Census of the United States</hi> (1860), Slave Schedules, Kentucky, Scott County, District No 2, pp. 235, 236, 252.<lb/>

<hi rend='italic'>Eighth Manuscript Census of the United States</hi> (1860), Slave Schedules, Kentucky, Jefferson County, Louisville Ward 4, p. 266.<lb/>

John David Smith, “James F. Robinson (1862-1863),” ed. Lowell H. Harrison, <hi rend='italic'>Kentucky’s Governors</hi> (Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2004), 89-92. <lb/>

William Henry Engle, <hi rend='italic'>Pennsylvania Genealogies: Scotch-Irish and German</hi> (Harrisburg: Lane S. Hart, 1886), 553, 556-7.</bibl>
            </person>
            <person xml:id="S32208752">
              <persName>Bennett Spear, Jr. (Monroe County farmer, soldier (U.S.A.))</persName>
                <idno>N00009383</idno>
                <event type="birth" when="1820-02-02">
                  <ab>1820-02-02</ab>
                </event>
                <event type="death" when="1892-10-27">
                  <ab>1892-10-27</ab>
                </event>
                <trait type="race" subtype="White"/>
                <trait type="sex" subtype="M"/>
 
                <note type="categorization">
                  Categories:
                    <ab>
                      <ptr ana="#category #leaf #root" target="#C32003818"/> People
                    </ab>
                </note>
                <note type="article">
                    <p xml:id='OTPS32208752P0'>Monroe County, Kentucky, farmer. North Carolina native. Married to Adaline Spear. Father of Isaac Spear, Ann Spear, Elizabeth Spear, Levi Spear, William Spear, and Lorenzo Spear. Farmer in Monroe County in 1850. Farmer in Monroe County in 1860. Enrolled in the military (U.S.A.) in February 1864. Served in the Monroe County Militia (Kentucky National Legion) as lieutenant in 1865.
</p>

<p xml:id='OTPS32208752P1'>Relationships<lb/>
Political: <rs ref='#S32212480'>Daniel E. Downing (Monroe County farmer and politician )</rs><lb/>
Social: <rs ref='#S32204669'>Oliver P. Hamilton (Jackson County, Tennessee, farmer and Lt Col)</rs>
</p>


                </note>
                  <bibl><hi rend='italic'>Seventh Manuscript Census of the United States</hi> (1850), Population Schedules, Kentucky, Monroe County, p. 388B. <lb/>

<hi rend='italic'>Eighth Manuscript Census of the United States</hi> (1860), Population Schedules, Kentucky, Monroe County, p. 16. <lb/>

<hi rend='italic'>Ninth Manuscript Census of the United States</hi> (1870), Population Schedules, Kentucky, Monroe County, Precinct 6, p. 180A. <lb/>

<hi rend='italic'>Kentucky, Birth Records, 1847-1911</hi>, Monroe County, May 29, 1859 (accessed via ancestry.com). <lb/>

<hi rend='italic'>Kentucky, Death Records, 1852-1965</hi>, Film # 7016182, Monroe County, March 24, 1917, File #9026 (accessed via ancestry.com). <lb/>

<hi rend='italic'>Kentucky, Death Records, 1852-1965</hi>, Film # 7016217, Monroe County, February 18, 1919, File #7604 (accessed via ancestry.com). <lb/>

<hi rend='italic'>Kentucky, Death Records, 1852-1965</hi>, 7016193, Monroe County, February 7, 1916 (accessed via ancestry.com). <lb/>

<hi rend='italic'>Consolidated Lists of Civil War Draft Registration Records</hi> (Provost Marshal General's Bureau; Consolidated Enrollment Lists, 1863-1865), NARA RG 110, Records of the Provost Marshal General's Bureau (Civil War), Consolidated Enrollment Lists, 1863-1865 (Civil War Union Draft Records), Monroe County, KY, February 1864 (accessed via ancestry.com).<lb/>

<hi rend='italic'>Find A Grave</hi>, "Bennett Spear (1820)-(1892)," Memorial #9564572, <a href='https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/9564572'>https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/9564572</a>  (accessed September 24, 2018).<lb/>

KYR-0001-008-0002.</bibl>
            </person>
            <person xml:id="S32215205">
              <persName>Harrison Hardin (Monroe County, possibly Madison H. Hardin, postmaster)</persName>
                <idno>N00009399</idno>
                <trait type="sex" subtype="M"/>
 
                <note type="categorization">
                  Categories:
                    <ab>
                      <ptr ana="#category #leaf #root" target="#C32003818"/> People
                    </ab>
                </note>
                <note type="article">
                    <p xml:id='OTPS32215205P0'>Mentioned in a letter from Bennett Spear Jr. to Daniel E. Downing in August 1862.
</p>


                </note>
                  <bibl>KYR-0001-027-0006.</bibl>
            </person>
        </listPerson>

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            <place xml:id="S32208722">
              <placeName>Rockbridge, Kentucky</placeName>
                <idno>P00009369</idno>
                <note type="categorization">
                  Categories:
                    <ab>
                      <ptr ana="#category #leaf #root" target="#C32003819"/> Places
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                </note>
                <note type="article">
                    <p xml:id='OTPS32208722P0'>Settlement in Monroe, County, Kentucky.
</p>


                </note>
                <geo>36.7839, -85.6841</geo>
                  <bibl><hi rend='italic'>United States Official Postal Guide, July 1911</hi> (Albany, NY: J. B. Lyon Co., 1911), 300. 

<hi rend='italic'>USGS: Earth Explorer</hi>, “Rockbridge, Kentucky," <a href='https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/'>https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/</a> (accessed on February 26, 2020).</bibl>
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          <placeName>Rockbridge, Monroe County, Kentucky</placeName>
          <date when="1862-08-18">1862-08-18</date>
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  <body>
        <pb xml:id="F35093462" n="1" facs="https://fromthepage.com/images/uploaded/32211117/page_0001.jpg"/>
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          <p corresp='TTP35093462P0' xml:id='OTP35093462P0'><rs ref='#S32208722'>Rockbridge, Ky</rs>., <date when='1862-08-18'>Aug. 18, 1862</date>.<lb/>
<rs ref='#S32212480'>D. E. Downing</rs>, Esq: --
</p>

<p corresp='TTP35093462P1' xml:id='OTP35093462P1'>Dear Sir, This leaves me in tolerable health, and I hope it, will find you in good health &amp;c.
</p>

<p corresp='TTP35093462P2' xml:id='OTP35093462P2'>The marauders have been through parts of our county almost every day since you left. They have killed no person, that we know of, since they killed <rs ref='#S32197433'>Austin</rs> &amp; <rs ref='#S32203306'>Heflin</rs>, of which I informed you. But they are taking all the government property they can find, they took three horses yesterday from <rs ref='#S32205334'>Jones Kirkpatrick</rs>'s, and some other property from others on Meshack's creek; and we suppose are yet in the county. They have now got <rs ref='#S32206461'>William Bugg Maxey</rs> engaged with them -- this <hi rend='underline'>Bugg</hi> is <rs ref='#S32213270'>Robert C. Maxey</rs>'s son. We do not know of any more new hand that have engaged with them; though the <hi rend='underline'>disunion</hi> boys are crossing the state line every day or two to shun the <hi rend='underline'>draft</hi>.
</p>

<p corresp='TTP35093462P3' xml:id='OTP35093462P3'><rs ref='#S32204669'>Hamilton's</rs>company, of 30 or 40, is the only company now annoying this county; but they are too intolerable to be put up with, if we could help it. It is the ardent desire of many of the most prudent of our citizens to have a company of sufficient size to keep him back, or <hi rend='underline'>rather</hi> to take him and his company. We wish you to use your influence with the legislature to authorise such a company, and arm them. Can such a company be authorized by the legislature? Present our condition to the Committee, or to the <rs ref='#S32207976'>Governor</rs> -- we want help, and we want you to ^do^ all you can for us, that we may be relieved from these robbers and murderers.
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<p corresp='TTP35093462P4' xml:id='OTP35093462P4'>Mr. Downing, the honest belief of the people, is, that, if these fellows are not checked, this <hi rend='underline'>loyal</hi> county will be ruined -- our property taken, and many of our citisens killed. They are examining the houses of widow women, examining private drawers and rumaging
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          <p corresp='TTP35093463P0' xml:id='OTP35093463P0'>among the clothes of females, young and old -- healthy &amp; unhealthy! They are rumageing the houses, drawers, trunks, &amp;c. of all as they go. Is not this too much? Our condition is considerably worse than it was when you left, and is still getting worse every day. Several men have left, to keep out of danger, since you left; and, if we can not get relief, numbers moe must leave -- many of these are leaving families in a deplorable condition, sick, and <hi rend='underline'>insulted</hi> by these <hi rend='underline'>rebels!</hi> Can we get help?
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<p corresp='TTP35093463P1' xml:id='OTP35093463P1'>Your friend,<lb/>
<rs ref='#S32208752'>Bennett Spear, jun</rs>.
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<p corresp='TTP35093463P2' xml:id='OTP35093463P2'>P. S. Rockbridge is the post office at <rs ref='#S32215205'>Harrison Hardin</rs>'s.
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<p corresp='TTP35093463P3' xml:id='OTP35093463P3'>B. S.
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          <p corresp='TTP35093465P1' xml:id='OTP35093465P1'>letter of B. Spear<lb/>
Rockbridge<lb/>
about invaders
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